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How you style your hair says a lot about your personality. If you want your style to stand out, start with healthy hair care, because healthy hair makes everyone look good.

You don’t need to make a trip to the salon to consult a hair care expert. If you understand the structure of your hair, you can style your hair however you want. Check out this article to learn all about hair health, hair ingredients, and hair care.

Hair grows from under the skin

Hair is one of the hallmarks of mammals (yes, even whales have some). It spreads all over the body and is almost everywhere; the only places where no hair grows on the body surface are the soles of the feet, palms and lips.

It’s part of the dermis (the body system that includes your skin, nails, and hair), and your hair grows from the bottom layer of your skin: the dermis .

The part of the hair that grows in the dermis is called the “hair follicle,” and the part visible above the epidermis (the top layer of the skin) is called the “hair shaft.”

Your hair grows from follicles, hollow tubes in the dermal tissue that receive blood and nutrients from blood vessels . At the base of the follicle is the bulb, the living part of the hair. The cells of the hair follicle bulb grow and divide, eventually forming the hair shaft.

When the cells at the base of the hair follicle die, they leave behind a tough protein called cutin (keratin), a process called keratinization. As new cells develop in the hair follicle bulb, this protein is pushed through the hair follicle to the outside. Keratinocytes build up in layers and push out of the skin to form the hair shaft.

People often define hair as a dead body; this is certainly the case for palpable hair. In fact, your hair is made from the protein of the dead cells in the hair follicle, so you can get a haircut without pain.

The hair shaft consists of three layers of cutin, the innermost layer is called the medulla, the middle and thickest layer is called the cortex, and the outer layer is the epidermis. The outermost part is composed of thin scale-like cutin overlapping like rubble.

As strands of hair leave the follicle and cross the cuticle, they pass glands in the skin called sebaceous glands that secrete sebum, an oil that conditions and softens each strand of hair.

During puberty, overactive sebaceous glands can make hair look greasy; as we age, the glands slow down oil production, sometimes making hair appear drier.

The Life Cycle of Healthy Hair

Hair follicles grow hair at a very noticeable rate. Your hair can grow 6 inches (15 cm) per year, and the only thing in your body that can grow faster than your hair is your bone marrow .

Hair growth has a certain life cycle, so each hair follicle is active at a different time. There are three stages in the life cycle of hair: growth stage, transition stage and resting stage, which are called growth stage, degenerative stage and resting stage of hair respectively.

Most of the hair on your head is in the growth phase, which is the growth phase. During hair growth, the cells inside the hair follicle bulb divide rapidly and push the old hair up and out of the follicle.

Anagen hair grows about 1 cm every 28 days. This active growth phase can last up to six years, depending on the individual. People with naturally shorter hair also have shorter anagen phases, while people with long hair have longer anagen phases.

Next comes the transition phase. The catagen phase is the period in the hair life cycle when it stops growing. This is the shortest phase and lasts about two to three weeks.

Hair in the degenerative period is called clubbing. The follicular bulb at the base of the follicle hardens and attaches to the root of the hair shaft, forming a hard white tissue. You can see this clubbing on recently lost hair.

The hair you find on your brush, comb or pillow is in the final stage of its life cycle: telogen. During telogen, hair follicles that are actively growing hair stop. During this stage, the hair falls out, which means the clubs are pushed out of the follicle by new hairs that grow in the same place.

The resting period lasts approximately 100 days. In a normal day, about 25 to 100 telogen hairs will fall out. When you comb your hair with your fingers, you will find that a few hairs fall out, or when you wash your hair and massage your scalp, it will also loosen the telogen hair.

Take good care of your hair, no matter what stage of its life cycle it is in; short, limp hair means it’s growing, and even-length hair means it’s transitioning from catagen to telogen. Be gentle when you’re brushing or styling your hair, as you don’t want to pull out growing hair.

Hair Texture and Color: What You Were Born to Do

Many people use hair products and tools to get their hair the way they want. But you’re born with a natural hairstyle, and it depends on the shape of your follicles and the pigment in your hair.

The shape of the hair follicle shapes your hair and the way it grows, it creates its unique look and texture. If you look at a cross-section of hair under a microscope, you can see the shape of the hair follicle.

Round follicles produce straight hair, some oval or egg-shaped follicles produce straight hair, while wavy hair comes from large-diameter oval follicles, and band-shaped follicles create curls.

It has a lot to do with your race.

People of African descent have ribbon-shaped follicles, which can make hair curly; Asians have more round follicles, which can produce straight hair; Caucasians usually have oval follicles, which can grow straight or wavy hair .

As for the color of hair, it is most related to melanin. Melanin, which builds up in the cortex of the hair shaft, is the same pigment used in skin cells (called melanocytes) to determine skin color.

A large amount of melanin in the cortex makes the hair black. The less melanin you have, the lighter your hair will be. Gray hair occurs when melanin no longer accumulates in the cortex with age.

There’s more than one way to describe all hair colors and textures. Hair grows in different layers, with varying degrees of straight and curly, or different shades of color. You can see these changes by looking at the hair of your parents or siblings. No two people’s hair is the same. So you can be proud of the unique look and style of your hair.

your hair, skin and nails

There is no doubt that your hair, skin and nails are all part of the same body system (the integumentary system). Since they are made of the same material (keratin), they have many similarities, such as:

• Cutin in hair is like fingernails and toenails , the protein that makes hair and nails tough and strong.
• Hair grows out of the skin, as do nails. The folds of the cuticle at the ends of your fingers and toes push the layer of keratinized skin cells to the surface to form your fingernails and toenails.
• Skin cells called keratinocytes also produce keratin, which helps make the skin a protective barrier.
• Just like cutting your hair doesn’t hurt, cutting your nails doesn’t hurt because your hair or nails don’t have nerve endings.
• Your hair color and skin tone are determined by the same pigment, called melanin.

How to Have Healthy Hair

A healthy lifestyle is the best way to help your hair look great, and from your grooming to your diet, there are many ways to keep your hair happy. You might as well start with good hygiene habits, starting with keeping your hair clean.

1. wash your hair often

Shampoo and condition your hair regularly, say every two days. Washing your hair with shampoo removes the oil and dirt that can make your hair look dull. Conditioner adds natural softness and shine to hair.

2. comb hair gently

Remember to brush your hair gently after shampooing to avoid tangles or tangles. To detangle tangles, start at the bottom and work your way up, this will reduce pulling on growing hair.

3. regular haircut

Get regular trims from a professional hairstylist to keep your hair looking beautiful and soft. When the ends of the hair are damaged, they start to fray and deteriorate all the way down the hair shaft. A haircut can trim those starting split ends and prevent the damage from spreading.

4. A healthy diet for hair

When it comes to diet, there are certain foods that can help your hair grow more beautiful. Daily intake of the following essential nutrients is advisable :

• Iron: You need iron in your diet to maintain blood flow to your hair follicles. Get iron in lean red meat, spinach, and iron-fortified cereals or muesli.
• Vitamin C: This powerful antioxidant supports collagen production . Collagen is important for skin, and it also helps strengthen hair. Vitamin C can be found in bell peppers, citrus fruits and berries.
• Vitamin A: If you want long, naturally shiny hair, get plenty of vitamin A in your diet. Sweet potatoes, carrots, and spinach are all rich in vitamin A. This carotenoid supports sebum production and is your body’s natural conditioner. Vitamin A has also been shown to promote thicker, fuller hair growth.
• Omega-3 fatty acids : These healthy fats help keep hair shiny and full, and this nutrient can be found in fatty fish, nuts, seeds, and avocados.
• Biotin: This B vitamin helps your body produce natural cuticles. And if it is seriously lacking, it may cause hair loss (if there is a lack of other B vitamins at the same time, including riboflavin, folic acid and vitamin B12, etc.). However, while biotin is commonly found in hair growth supplements, there are currently no clinical studies to prove that very high doses are beneficial in healthy individuals. Beef, eggs, and salmon are common sources of biotin.

take care of your hair

The concept of good habits and proper diet is never out of date, it is the first step in healthy hair care. You can maintain the beauty of your hair with regular haircuts and good hygiene. A little heat protectant can be used before styling with a blow dryer or curling iron. You should also supplement your diet with a holistic approach to taking care of all your body’s needs to maintain your natural beauty.

You should be confident that your hair-healthy lifestyle will provide you with “hair moments” for years to come.

Healthy Hair and Maintenance Read More

When you first wake up, your five senses are not fully awakened and are not very sharp. The sunlight streaming in through your windows, the smell of breakfast , the sound of your alarm clock are all products of your environment, your senses and your brain.

The ability to hear, touch, see, taste and smell is firmly connected to your body. These five senses allow you to understand and respond to the world around you. Now let’s get into all your feelings.

Functions of the five senses

Your senses connect you to your environment. With the information your senses gather, you can understand and respond more intelligently. For example, a bitter taste can alert you that food may be harmful; chirping from birds tells you that trees and water may be nearby.

Sensory organs collect various sensations and interpret them in the brain. But how does information like texture and light get into your body’s command center? The body’s nervous system has a specialized branch that deals with sensation. You might have guessed that it’s called the “sensory nervous system.”

The sensory organs in the body (discussed further later) are connected to the brain by nerves, which transmit messages to the brain by means of electrochemical impulses. The sensory nervous system collects and sends a constant stream of sensory data from the environment; information about the color, shape and feel of nearby objects helps the brain determine what they are.

What are the five senses?

The body perceives five basic senses, which are hearing, touch, sight, taste and smell. Each of these senses is a tool the brain uses to build a clear picture of your world.

Your brain must rely on sensory organs to gather sensory information. The five sense organs involved are:

• ear (auditory)
• Skin and Hair (Tactile)
• eyes (vision)
• tongue (taste)
• nose (sense of smell)

The data collected by the sense organs can help the brain understand the diversity and dynamics of the surrounding environment, which is also the key to the reaction and memory generation at that time. Now let’s dive into each of these senses and learn how you gather information about the sounds, textures, sights, tastes and smells you encounter.

sense of touch

The skin is the largest organ of the body and the primary sensory organ for touch . The scientific term for the sense of touch is mechanoreception.

The sense of touch may seem simple, but it’s actually a little more complicated than you might think. The human body can sense different forms of touch, as well as different temperatures and pressures.

Because touch is felt all over the body, the nerves that detect touch send their messages to the brain through the peripheral nervous system. Peripheral nerves are the nerves that extend from the spinal cord throughout the body.

Nerves under the skin send messages to the brain about your sense of touch. There are specialized nerve cells for different senses of touch, such as different touch receptors on the skin of the fingertips than on the skin of the arms and legs.

Fingertips can sense different textures and pressures on surfaces, such as the feel of sandpaper or the pressing of a button. The arms and legs are covered with skin, which best senses the extension and movement of the joints . The skin on your extremities also sends messages to your brain about where your body is.

The skin on the lips and soles of the feet is more sensitive to light touch. The tongue and throat also have their own touch receptors, and these nerves tell the brain how warm the food or drink is.

taste

Speaking of food and drink, keep your mouth out of the water before discussing your next sensation. Taste (also called taste) allows your brain to receive information about the food you eat. While food is being chewed and mixed with saliva, your tongue is busy gathering sensory data about how your food tastes.

Tiny bumps all over the tongue are responsible for conveying flavors to the brain. These bumps are called taste buds, and there are thousands of them on the tongue. Every week, new taste buds replace old ones to keep your palate sharp.

At the center of these taste buds are 40-50 specialized taste cells. Molecules from the food bind to these specialized cells and generate nerve impulses, which are interpreted by the brain to let you know how the food tastes.

The tongue senses five basic tastes and transmits them to the brain. The five flavors are sweet, sour, bitter, salty, and umami; the last, “umami,” comes from the Japanese word for “delicious,” and umami comes from foods like broth and meat.

Typical examples of sweetness are sugar, sourness comes from foods such as citrus fruits and vinegar, salt combines with foods high in sodium to create a salty taste, and the tongue also senses it from foods such as coffee, kale and Brussels sprouts, and The bitterness of the drink.

Regarding the sense of taste, the previously accepted theory is that different regions on the tongue specialize in one of the five tastes. But this is no longer considered to be true, instead, current research shows that every taste can be detected at any point on the tongue.

So, during a meal or snack, your brain is constantly receiving messages about what you’re eating. As you chew and swallow, the different flavors of food mix together, and each taste on your tongue helps your brain perceive the taste of food.

At your next meal, see if you can identify each of the five flavors as you eat them. You’ll gain a new understanding of your brain and how it works so hard to discern food flavors.

vision

The third sense is vision (also known as vision), which is produced by the brain and a pair of sensory organs – the eyes. Vision is often considered the strongest sense because people rely more on sight than hearing or smell for information about their surroundings.

When you look around, your eyes detect light on the visible spectrum. The colors on the visible spectrum are: red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, and violet. The source of this light can be a lamp, a computer screen, or the sun.

When light bounces off objects around you, your eyes send signals to your brain, which creates recognizable images. Your eyes use light to read, identify colors, and even coordinate clothing to match.

Have you ever accidentally put on mismatched socks in the dark? Or arrive at the office only to realize your shirt is on backwards? This is why it is necessary to have a lamp in the closet to avoid misbehaving in clothing.

The eyes need light to send sensory information to the brain. Particles of light (called “photons”) enter the eye through the pupil and are focused on the retina (the light-sensitive part of the eye).

There are two types of photoreceptor cells in the retina: rods and cones. Rods are responsible for receiving information about the brightness of light, and cones are responsible for distinguishing colors; together, these photoreceptors collect light information and transmit the data to the brain.

When light hits the rods and cones, it turns on a protein called “rhinoviolet.” Rhodopsin triggers a cascade of signals that converge on the optic nerve, which connects the eye to the brain. The optic nerve is the wire that carries the messages received by the eye and connects directly to the brain.

After the brain receives the light data, it forms a visual image. What you “see” when you open your eyes is your brain’s interpretation of the light entering your eyes. The brain is easiest to understand its surroundings when there is plenty of light. That’s why picking out matching outfits in the dark can be quite difficult.

To see better, your eyes automatically adjust to let in the maximum amount of light, which is why your pupils dilate (get bigger) in the dark. This way, more light can enter the eye and produce the sharpest image in the brain.

So read, work, and play in well-lit areas to give your eyes as much light as they need. This reduces the strain on your eyes, allowing you to see more clearly and comfortably. Night lights can also be installed in hallways so you can safely see your way in the dark.

hearing

The scientific term for hearing is “hearing”. But this hearing shouldn’t make you nervous, hearing is a powerful feeling, one that can bring joy or save you from danger.

When you hear a loved one’s voice, your sense of hearing allows your brain to interpret the other person’s voice as familiar and familiar. The melody of your favorite song is another example of the role of hearing.

Sounds can also alert you to potential danger, bringing to mind car horns, train sirens and smoke alarms. Thanks to hearing, your brain can use these noises to keep you safe.

Your ears gather this sensory information for your brain, and it comes from sound waves (a type of mechanical energy); each set of sound waves is a vibration with a unique frequency. Your ears receive and amplify sound waves, and your brain interprets them as conversation, music, laughter…etc.

Ears come in all shapes and sizes, but they all have similarities. The fleshy part on the outside of the ear is called the pinna, and its purpose is to collect sound waves traveling in your environment and funnel them to the membrane at the end of the ear canal.

This membrane is called the tympanic membrane, or more commonly the eardrum. Sound waves bounce off the eardrum and cause vibrations that travel through the eardrum; these vibrations are amplified by the tiny bones attached to the other side of the eardrum.

After sound waves enter the ear and are amplified by the eardrum, they travel to fluid-filled tubes deep inside the ear. These tubes, called the cochlea, line their surface with tiny hair-like cells that can detect changes in the fluid around them. As sound waves travel through the cochlea, the fluid begins to move.

Fluid flows through the hair cells in the ear to generate nerve impulses, which are then sent to the brain. Remarkably, the sound waves were converted into electrochemical neural signals almost instantaneously. So what started out as a simple vibration turned into a familiar tone, all thanks to hearing.

the sense of smell

The fifth and final sense is that of smell. The sense of smell is very unique, because the sensory organ that detects smell is directly connected to the brain, so the human body has a super powerful sense of smell.

Odors enter your body through your nose, and they come from particles in the air that you capture as you breathe. Inhaling deeply through the nose and moving closer to the source of the smell can enhance the sense of smell.

Inside the nose is a large nerve called the “olfactory bulb,” which runs from the top of the nose and connects directly to the brain. Air molecules inhaled through the nose trigger a neural response in the olfactory bulb, which immediately informs the brain of an odor.

Higher concentrations of odor molecules produce deeper brain stimulation through the olfactory bulbs. This makes the strong smell offensive and disgusting. Lighter scents send milder signals to the brain.

You need your sense of smell for various reasons. Strong, unpleasant smells are a clear warning to the brain that the food you’re about to eat has gone bad. The sweet and pleasant scent relaxes you. Body odors (pheromones) can even help you bond with your loved ones. No matter the smell, your brain and nose work together so you can enjoy the smell.

Combination of different senses to create a stronger feeling

Your brain rarely responds to information from a single sensory sense; your five senses work together to paint a picture of your environment.

You can see this principle in action the next time you go for a walk .

Think about how you feel when you go out and make note of the various sensations you experience. Maybe you see a colorful sunset, or hear the murmur of a stream rushing over rocks, or maybe you touch some fallen leaves. Keeping an eye on the fusion of your senses means you’ll find it hard not to discover something new while walking.

Here are a few recognizable examples of sensory fusion:

smell + taste = taste

Just as a walk outside brings together your senses, so does a good meal . Taste is often used to describe the taste of food, but taste is actually a combination of taste and smell.

The five flavors mentioned earlier do not accurately describe the experience when eating. We have a hard time describing things like mint or pineapple as sweet, salty, sour, bitter or umami. But your brain doesn’t need to interpret flavors from your taste buds alone, your sense of smell can also help, which is called retronasal sense of smell.

When you eat, molecules enter the nasal cavity through the passage between your nose and mouth, where they are detected by the olfactory bulbs and interpreted in the brain. At the same time your taste buds also gather information about taste. The brain compiles this sensory data from the nose and tongue, which is what we call taste.

With the tongue and nose working together, eating mint is not just a bitter taste, it is a cool, refreshing and delicious food; a slice of pineapple is not only sour, its taste is a mixture of fragrant, sweet and sour.

You can see how your sense of smell affects taste through your nose when you eat. If you block this pathway, you’ll notice a dramatic reduction in flavor. Instead, by chewing slowly, you get more flavor out of your food. This allows more aromas to be detected in the nose.

sense and memory

It’s an interesting phenomenon that certain smells can bring about deep memories. The results of the study show that the location of the olfactory bulb in the brain allows some odors to trigger emotional memories.

Because the olfactory bulb is directly connected to the brain in two places: the amygdala and the hippocampus. These two regions are closely linked to emotion and memory. Smell is the only one of the five senses that reaches these two areas, which could explain why smells and fragrances can evoke emotions and memories that sight, hearing, and touch cannot.

What happens when you lose your senses?

Sometimes people experience a weakening or complete loss of sensation. If this affects you, you are not alone, there are many others who are going through the days you are going through.

This includes loss of vision or hearing. Blindness or deafness can start at birth or develop later in life , and it affects everyone differently. The important thing to realize is that even people who are deaf or blind can live full and rich lives.

Usually if one of the five senses is weakened or lost, the other four become stronger to help the brain form a complete picture of the environment. If you are blind or have poor vision, your sense of smell or hearing will become stronger; if you are deaf or hard of hearing, your sense of touch and vision will become more acute.

For those experiencing loss of feeling, there are many great tools available. If you’re feeling weak and need help, talk to someone you trust. Please also be respectful to those who are missing something.

Create healthy habits to support your five senses

These feelings can add color to your life, and it’s important to protect your healthy senses. It’s perfectly normal to feel weaker with age. Still, there are steps you can take to protect your senses and take care of your body.

Here are four important tips:

• Be cautious with hearing. Prolonged exposure to loud, loud noises can damage the sound-producing eardrums in your ears. Always wear earplugs at loud concerts and when operating loud power tools. Listen to music at a lower volume. Take the necessary precautions for a lifetime of good hearing.
• Wear sunglasses to protect your eyes from the sun. You can also help support your vision by eating foods that contain healthy fats, antioxidants (especially lutein and zeaxanthin), and vitamin A.
• Protect your sensitive skin with sunscreen and moisturizer . And drink enough water to avoid dehydration.
• Get into the habit of eating foods rich in vitamins and minerals. Eat whole foods, fruits and lots of vegetables . Nutritional supplements are also an easy and practical way to add to your healthy diet.

You can use your five senses for activities such as gardening, walking and cycling, and enjoying the sights, sounds and smells of your surroundings. Make healthy choices so you can continue to enjoy life with your five senses.

understand your five senses Read More

You use your teeth every day, but you probably don’t know much about their anatomy. Maybe it’s time for you to start thinking about some of the questions and getting to know them more. Perhaps you have also flashed in your mind “what materials are teeth made of?”, or you may be curious from time to time: Are teeth considered bones ?

This is your lucky day.

Here are 24 small questions and answers to help you understand your teeth better. These problems run the gamut, from baby teeth to molars, plaque and floss. Come do the research so you can show off your knowledge at your next dentist visit.

Your teeth are attached to two skull bones in your skull. The upper row of teeth sits in the bone that forms the upper jaw (the maxilla); the lower jaw (jawbone) serves as the base for the lower row of teeth.

The mandible and maxilla are the two bones that make up the “jaw” and connect to the skull on the left and right sides. The jawbone is the strongest of the skull and the only one that can move. This comes in handy when you ‘re biting and chewing your food .

2. How many teeth do you have?

Ancient philosophers like Aristotle once believed that men and women had different numbers of teeth. But we now know better that the complete set of teeth in a female and male adult is thirty-two. You can do the math yourself.

Teeth are arranged in pairs in the mouth according to their different shapes, and the teeth on the left and right sides of the mouth are paired with each other. You might as well look in the mirror for yourself, divide your mouth in half vertically, and you will see that the left and right sides are essentially symmetrical.

3. What is a crown? (not the crown the dentist put on for you)

To answer this question, we must first analyze the structure of teeth.

Teeth are like icebergs. An iceberg appears to be just a large piece of ice floating on the water, but in fact it is like a mountain made of ice, with only a small part exposed to the sea. The same goes for your teeth, which grow above and below the surface of your gums. When you open your mouth, the shiny white part you see is called the crown.

This part of the tooth comes into contact with food, drink and saliva. It’s the hard shell that protects the entire tooth, so the crown is covered by a hard substance called enamel, and underneath the enamel is a layer of hard tissue called dentin (or ivory).

4. What is enamel?

By now you probably thought your bones were the hardest tissue in your body?

wrong!

That honor should go to the enamel, the hard white material that covers the crowns and is the real champion.

Enamel is the outer layer of the tooth and its main component is calcium phosphate. This mineral makes enamel very hard, so it protects the other softer, more sensitive parts of the tooth—the dentin, pulp, nerves, and blood vessels—and it makes the tooth withstand the wear and tear of everyday use.

5. Do the teeth have roots?

There must be. Just below the crown is the root, hidden below the gum line, where connective tissue called the periodontal ligament is anchored to the jawbone.

The root of the tooth is mostly ivory. The dentin forms channels that hold a living tissue called pulp, filled with blood vessels and nerves that run through the root of the tooth and into the jawbone.

6. Do teeth feel?

You may find that your teeth are sensitive to cold or hot temperatures. This can happen if the roots of the teeth are exposed above the gum line, or if the enamel wears away. When the dentin that makes up the root of the tooth is exposed, the nerves inside are stimulated by the temperature of the food and drink in the mouth.

Sensations of heat and cold are transmitted by nerves in the exposed dentin to the brain, which interprets these signals as pain.

This is another reason why enamel is so important. It acts like an insulator, protecting the tooth from extreme hot and cold temperatures. The enamel protects the sensitive nerves in the dentin from painful stimulation.

7. Why do teeth have different shapes?

Take one look at your smile and you’ll know that each of your teeth looks different. In fact, each of your teeth can vary widely in shape and size.

Although the teeth in the mouth vary, they can be classified according to their overall shape. Adults have eight incisors, four canines, eight premolars, and twelve molars.

Counting from the middle of the mouth to the left and right, the front teeth begin. These large front teeth are as sharp as knives. Next to the incisors are the canines, which have a sharp point called a crest, similar to a dog’s tines.

The following teeth are called premolars. These teeth have two peaks and are sometimes called bimodal teeth. Finally, coming in last are the molars, which are large and flat.

8. What are the functions of the different types of teeth?

The unique shape of each tooth serves a special function when you chew food.

Incisors are good at digging in and holding a piece of food, such as taking a bite out of an apple. Your front teeth also help you sense the texture of food.

The canines tear food into smaller, more manageable pieces. Canine teeth come in handy when you’re dealing with a thick piece of protein, like roast chicken .

The shape of the small molars is between canines and molars. Small molars help you cut and tear food like canine teeth.

The molars are used for grinding food. When you chew, food moves inward in your mouth, allowing your large molars to grind it down. The molars break down food into a size that is safe to swallow.

9. What are wisdom teeth?

We have four wisdom teeth, also called third molars. They are shaped like molars, and they function like molars when you chew. But some people’s wisdom teeth need to be removed.

Wisdom teeth erupt during your early twenties. This is the last permanent tooth to grow in the human body. When wisdom teeth erupt, they can push against other teeth, causing pressing and discomfort, and even forcing other teeth to appear crooked.

If your dentist thinks your wisdom tooth is causing a problem, it’s usually surgically removed; this procedure is usually done before it erupts. If all your wisdom teeth are removed, your number of permanent teeth will be reduced from 32 to 28, but don’t worry, you’ll be fine and may even feel more comfortable without them.

10. If teeth are so strong, how can they break?

The bulk of enamel is calcium phosphate, a mineral compound also found in bone that gives teeth their white color and is very strong and durable, but not indestructible.

Your teeth, like the rest of your body, can get injured. If your tooth is broken or cracked, your dentist can repair the damage, but it won’t heal on its own.

11. Are teeth considered bones?

Even though they look similar, teeth are not bones. Surprisingly, they are actually very different. why?

• Teeth are stronger than bones. As mentioned above, enamel is the hardest tissue in the human body.
• Human bones are protected by muscle and skin, and your teeth are simply hidden behind your lips.
• Although teeth are made of a tougher material than bone, human bone can regenerate old and damaged tissue, whereas enamel, once lost, never returns.
• There are blood vessels and nerves in both bones and teeth, but bones actually produce new blood cells in the bone marrow, which is different from teeth. The inside of the tooth has a lining similar to bone marrow, and this is the pulp protected by enamel.

12. What color are healthy teeth?

Healthy teeth are bright white, the color coming from calcium phosphate in the enamel; the tips and edges of the teeth appear translucent or sky blue. This is completely normal.

Yellowing of teeth indicates loss of enamel. The dentine under the enamel is yellow, and when the enamel wears away and the dentine is exposed, the tooth loses its color and starts to turn yellow.

You can strengthen enamel and help restore its whiteness by consuming calcium-rich foods such as milk, yogurt, almonds, and edamame. You can also drink fluoridated water to support enamel health. Fluoride strengthens the enamel and prevents the yellowish dentine from being exposed.

13. How many teeth does a child have?

A child has twenty deciduous teeth, made up of eight incisors, four canines and eight molars. These teeth will gradually fall out to make room for larger permanent teeth to grow. By about age three, most children have all their milk teeth.

Baby teeth are made of the same material as permanent teeth, with enamel covering the crown and roots made of dentin and pulp. Baby teeth are smaller and more spaced than permanent teeth because as children grow, the bones of the face and jaw grow, making the teeth more spaced apart.

14. When do teeth start to develop?

Teeth begin to form before birth. Between the third and fourth months of pregnancy, cells called “ameloblasts” produce the enamel that makes up teeth. This occurs around the tooth germ (the first stage of tooth development). These germs remain under the surface of the gums until they are fully formed—about six months to a year after birth.

15. Why do teeth fall out?

During childhood, teeth are lost to be replaced by larger adult teeth; this is a natural and healthy part of the dental life cycle and most baby teeth fall out by the age of twelve.

The tooth falls out when the roots of the baby teeth begin to dissolve in preparation for the arrival of the permanent teeth. This process takes several weeks and ideally allows the tooth to fall out on its own. After the deciduous teeth fall out, new permanent teeth grow in the same place.

16. What is dental caries?

As the name suggests, dental caries (commonly known as cavities) are small holes in the layers of enamel and dentin. Dental caries is the result of tooth decay, which occurs when bacteria invade cracked or damaged teeth.

Simple sugars are the culprit in causing dental caries. Soda, fruit juice, candy, and similar foods can linger on your teeth, and bacteria in your mouth can convert these simple sugars into acids that eat away at the enamel on your teeth, and cavities develop.

You may find out on your own that you have a cavity. Many people experience tooth pain and discomfort when they have cavities; your teeth may be particularly sensitive to temperature, or you may experience pain when eating sweets.

Sometimes you need to rely on your dentist to help you find cavities. Your dentist can find caries on x-rays or use dental equipment to look for sore spots and cavities on the surface of your teeth.

Fortunately, dentists can repair cavities with dental fillings. First, the dentist uses a small drill to scrape away the decayed part of the tooth, and then uses a safe material to fill in the missing part of the tooth. Fillings may be made of gold, silver, porcelain or composite resin. Your teeth will feel much more comfortable after a filling.

17. What is plaque?

If your teeth feel sticky after eating, plaque is to blame. When you eat sugary foods, the bacteria in your mouth settle on your teeth and gorge on those simple carbohydrates . These bacteria form a mucous film on the tooth surface called plaque.

To remove plaque is simple, brushing your teeth is the most effective way, brushing twice a day can achieve the best results. You can also rinse your mouth with an antiseptic mouthwash to keep the bacteria count in your mouth down. Or consider oral probiotics to help maintain a healthy bacterial balance.

18. What is dental calculus?

Plaque that remains on your teeth may harden into calculus (tartar), a hard mineralized substance. Once there is calculus, tooth decay will appear soon. Tartar makes it difficult to brush properly, and it requires professional tooth cleaning to remove.

Plaque usually forms above the gum line, but tartar can build up above and below the gums. This can cause problems with the dentin and bone below the gums, so it’s important to take good care of your teeth to avoid calculus buildup.

You can protect your teeth from tartar by brushing, flossing, and using mouthwash every day. Another great way to avoid tartar is to strengthen your enamel with fluoride. Most municipal water systems add this mineral, which strengthens enamel and helps repair damage caused by bacteria and acids in the mouth.

19. Why brush your teeth?

People have been brushing their teeth for thousands of years. In 5000 BC, the ancient Egyptians used smashed twigs and eggshells to brush their teeth. Nowadays, everyone uses a toothbrush with soft bristles to remove food leftovers after meals.

Brushing your teeth is the best way to avoid cavities and you should use a pea-sized amount of toothpaste twice a day. When brushing your teeth, brush gently; brushing too hard with your toothbrush can irritate your gums and expose the sensitive dentine underneath.

The ideal brushing time is about two minutes, and you can keep a timer or clock in the bathroom to measure brushing time. Switch sides from time to time when brushing, covering both the left and right teeth and the inner and outer sides.

Toothbrushes should be replaced when the bristles wear out, which is recommended every three to four months. After each brushing, the toothbrush should be rinsed with hot water. After recovering from a serious illness, you should also replace it with a new toothbrush.

20. Is flossing important?

Absolutely important! Brushing your teeth cleans what you can see, but you also need to clean between your teeth. Using dental floss can scrape off food residue and plaque, and prevent tartar from accumulating in places where brushing cannot reach. Flossing also cleans the areas of your teeth that are hidden below the gum line.

Floss daily to keep the spaces between your teeth clean and healthy.

21. How to avoid dental caries?

Brushing and flossing are the best ways to maintain healthy teeth and enamel, but diet also plays an important role in avoiding cavities.

Avoid soda, fruit juice and other sugary drinks , these are the most harmful, drink water instead . Simple carbohydrates and starchy foods should also be limited. If you have a sweet tooth, ditch the candies and eat naturally sweet fruits, which are high in fiber to stimulate saliva and remove sugar from your teeth. Acidic foods such as citrus fruits will gradually corrode the enamel, so be sure to drink plenty of water when consuming them.

Calcium-rich foods such as milk, yogurt and cruciferous vegetables are very good for your teeth. Celery and other crunchy vegetables help remove debris from your teeth. Dental care should be done in the same way as waistline control , which means choosing whole foods and nutrient-dense meals instead of easy sugary snacks.

22. What is Bruxism?

Stress management is part of taking care of your teeth. Stress can make you tense and make you clench your fists; some people gnash their teeth. This can lead to a condition called bruxism (or teeth grinding).

Teeth grinding occurs during sleep, so people who grind their teeth often don’t know it. But grinding your teeth can cause excessive wear on the flat parts of your teeth, which can also lead to jaw soreness and headaches.

Your dentist can tell if you grind your teeth, and they may recommend that you wear braces to sleep to keep your teeth from grinding against each other.

There are other ways to combat bruxism. You may wish to practice deep breathing before bed and place a warm washcloth on your cheek below your ear to help relax the muscles in your face and jaw. Put the tip of your tongue between your front teeth and let your jaw open and relax.

If you’re stressed, find someone to talk to. Finding a trusted friend or mental health professional and telling them what you think and feel can help you manage stress or anxiety. You may find that you sleep better and stop grinding your teeth.

23. Are your teeth causing bad breath?

Poor oral hygiene is often at the root of bad breath. When you’re not brushing or flossing, food debris on your teeth becomes a feast for bacteria in your mouth. When bacteria break down sugars and starches, they create some unpleasant smells.

Sometimes the food you eat can be the source of bad breath, with garlic and onions being the most notorious, and spicy foods are also on the list.

Whether your bad breath is caused by bacteria or the food you eat, the best way to get rid of bad breath is to brush and floss your teeth. Brush your teeth twice a day to keep your breath fresh, and if you have a particularly strong-smelling meal, clean your mouth afterwards too.

24. Are your teeth unique?

It’s surprising, but your teeth are as unique as your DNA and fingerprints. No one’s teeth are exactly like yours; they are different in shape, size and position. Even identical twins don’t have exactly the same teeth!

Keep teeth white and bright

Take care of your teeth and make sure they are in good shape. You should take good care of your teeth to maintain your oral health. Brush and floss daily, eat less sugary foods that can eat away at enamel, and visit your dentist regularly.

Smile, no one else in the world has the same teeth as you!

24 questions about your baby teeth Read More

Your heart pumps blood, your kidneys filter impurities, your stomach handles digestion, and your brain controls all bodily functions. So what is the function of a hard-working, burdened liver? It has not received the attention and appreciation it deserves. Learning about your liver is the best way to awaken your appreciation for this little-known organ.

This article lists 27 tidbits to make this most underestimated organ shine and help you better understand its structure, function and how to maintain liver health. Finally, you can share these advanced knowledge about the liver with your friends and family, and spread the good habit of loving the liver together.

structure of the liver

1. The winner of the battle for the largest organ in the human body is the skin . But your liver holds the title of largest internal organ, weighing in at about three pounds, the second-largest.
2. You’re not the only creature with a liver. All living organisms with spinal cords (vertebrates) have a liver, which shows the importance of the liver.
3. The shape of the liver appears to be larger at the head and smaller at the tail. It can be subdivided into thousands of lobules, each with its own tiny canal.
4. Your liver holds 10% of your body’s blood . It doesn’t always hold that much fluid, but it does process about 1.5 liters of blood per minute.
5. The liver is not only an organ but also a gland. That’s because it secretes bile into the intestines.
6. Due to biological evolutionary requirements, as long as you have a quarter of your liver, the organ can regenerate to its original size and regain full function. This is why liver donors can donate half their livers and live on.
7. Too much fat is bad for the liver. But under normal conditions, this vital organ is about 10 percent fat.

Important functions of the liver

8. Speaking of fat, one of the intricate jobs of the liver is fat metabolism. The bile produced by the liver is an important contributor to this task.
9. Your liver can replenish up to a liter of bile per day to kickstart your metabolism.
10. Bile also metabolizes other macronutrients (proteins and carbohydrates). Therefore, bile production by the liver is key to breaking down a large diet and ensuring overall health.
11. More than just your body’s production plant and metabolic workhorse, your liver provides storage space for a variety of important nutrients, including glycogen (stored glucose), iron, copper, and various fat-soluble vitamins .
12. Everything you eat is filtered by your liver. The liver absorbs and processes nutrients, toxins, drugs, alcohol, and hormones (hormones) from the diet.
13. In addition to filtering, the liver performs many functions related to blood. The bile produced by the liver helps the body support vitamin K to form blood clots, and it can also:

• Produces an important protein (albumin) in serum
• Formation of hormones that regulate blood pressure (angiotensin)
• Bilirubin in broken down hemoglobin

14. The liver helps provide the body’s immunity. Both of your immune defenses—innate and adaptive—are maintained by the body’s second largest organ.
15. Your liver is a transfer station that delivers nutrients that determine your body’s needs through the portal vein, where they are stored and processed before being sent to the detox process or eliminated as waste.
16. When the liver is mentioned, the first thing that comes to your mind is probably the detoxification function. It excretes the toxins you absorb in two stages. The liver’s first detoxification pathway (phase one) neutralizes the compounds, while the second phase processes the by-products of the first phase and dissolves them in water for elimination.
17. Glutathione is one of the most important antioxidant components in the human body. The body performs synthetic functions, so you can find glutathione in your body. Since it is used in the second phase of the detoxification process, the glutathione concentration in the liver is more than 10 times higher than in the rest of the body.

Health tips for nourishing the liver

18. If offal is your thing (depending on your culture and dietary preferences), then liver is definitely the way to go. Edible animal liver is rich in protein, iron and various vitamins.
19. Let me tell you a secret everyone knows: the food you eat has a huge impact on the organs that process it. An important key to maintaining liver health is getting enough fiber . Help this powerful detoxification organ function properly through weight management and maintaining a healthy gut microbiome.
20. Even though fat is what the liver is made of, eating too much of it can compromise the health of your body’s largest detoxifying organ, especially saturated fat; omega-3 fatty acids and healthy fats like olive oil are smarter choices .
21. Caffeine gives you a more energized start to the day and gives you energy to keep fighting in the afternoon, and the liver is an important organ for processing caffeine. Caffeinated beverages , especially coffee and green tea, have been shown to have liver-protective health benefits.
22. Weight management is important to overall health —and your liver is no exception. Carrying too much weight on the body can strain the liver and ultimately affect its function. Watching your diet and exercising regularly can help you manage your weight and maintain your liver.
23. Reducing your sugar intake is an important step in weight management, and it particularly affects your liver—mainly due to your liver’s connection to glucose storage. You can start by switching from sugary drinks to plain water, which will help you maintain healthy hydration levels.
24. A diet based on a variety of fruits and vegetables is essential for optimal health. In addition to the macronutrients you need for overall health, some vegetables also have hepatoprotective benefits. Eat plenty of cauliflower (broccoli), spinach, berries, grapefruit, and grapes to keep your liver healthy.
25. Your liver is responsible for processing the alcohol you consume. The liver can easily handle moderate alcohol consumption, but the buildup of too much alcohol on a party night can slow down your liver’s progress.
26. Drugs must be broken down by the liver to be effective. Combining prescription and over-the-counter medicines and even certain nutritional supplements may trigger liver problems. Be sure to follow directions and tell your healthcare professional and pharmacist about all supplements and medicines you are taking so they can help you avoid potentially harmful effects.
27. Taking proper precautions against environmental toxins is also how to maintain your liver. Cleansers and other chemicals you inhale must be processed and neutralized in the liver. This protection is one of the jobs of your largest detoxification organ. You can wear appropriate personal protective equipment (such as masks) when you come into contact with chemicals. ) to reduce the load on the liver.

Protecting the liver starts with understanding the liver Read More